catacomb/CLAUDE.md

# CLAUDE.md

This file provides guidance to Claude Code (claude.ai/code) when working with code in this repository.

## What this is

`yt-offline` — a single Rust binary that is **both** a desktop GUI (eframe/egui)
and a headless web server (axum), wrapping `yt-dlp` to archive YouTube/TikTok/
Twitch/etc. AGPL-3.0. North-star goal and feature-parity tracking live in
[ROADMAP.md](ROADMAP.md); a structured analysis of the Tartube benchmark is in
[docs/tartube-spec.md](docs/tartube-spec.md).

## Commands

```bash
cargo build --release           # the binary (release profile is opt-level=3 + thin LTO, ~1-2 min)
cargo test --release            # unit tests + tests/api.rs integration tests (no network)
cargo test --release <name>     # single test by substring, e.g. `cargo test --release subs_disabled`
cargo test --release real_ffmpeg -- --ignored   # opt-in: real-ffmpeg fingerprint accuracy/speed check
./target/release/yt-offline           # desktop GUI mode (default)
./target/release/yt-offline --web 8080  # headless web server on a port

scripts/package.sh [deb|rpm|appimage|all]   # build distro packages → dist/ (see docs/PACKAGING.md)
```

There is no separate lint step; `cargo build` warnings are the lint. The egui
dependency emits ~39 `f32: From<f64>` fallback warnings on a clean build — those
are upstream, not from this code.

### Running / verifying against a real library

The app reads `config.toml` and `cookies.txt` **from the process working
directory**, not a fixed path. To smoke-test the web server in isolation, make a
scratch dir with a minimal `config.toml` (`[backup]\ndirectory = "..."`) and run
`--web <port>` from inside it. `/api/*` endpoints require auth when a password is
set in the target library's DB.

`tests/api.rs` automates exactly this: it spawns the real `--web` binary against a
throwaway dir and drives the HTTP API with `curl` (skipping if curl is absent; the
dedup test also needs ffmpeg and skips without it). That's the place to add
end-to-end coverage of a new endpoint.

## Architecture

### Two front-ends, one engine

`main.rs` dispatches: `--web` → `web::run()` (axum, blocks forever); otherwise
`app::App` (eframe). **Both share `downloader::Downloader`**, the single source
of truth for yt-dlp job lifecycle. `Downloader` is *not* async — it spawns an OS
thread per `yt-dlp` process, streams stdout/stderr back over an `mpsc` channel
into each `Job`'s log buffer, and the caller must pump `Downloader::poll()`
regularly (the egui frame loop and a web background task both do this). When you
add download behavior, it goes in `Downloader` and is automatically available to
both UIs.

`poll()` also drives the cross-cutting job machinery: **auto-retry** of transient
failures (rate-limit/network) with cooldown + adaptive throttle, the
**post-download ffmpeg transcode** pass, and the **hang watchdog** (a job whose
`last_activity` is silent past `HANG_TIMEOUT` is SIGKILLed and re-queued —
classified `NetworkError` so the existing retry path re-issues it). The first two
work by capturing specs onto the `Job` at `start()` time (`RetrySpec`,
`ConvertSpec`) and acting on them when the job transitions state — the
`pending_*_spec` fields on `Downloader` are stashed by `start()` and consumed by
`enqueue()`/`spawn_job()` so the four non-download enqueue paths
(repair/music/yt-dlp-update/pot-update) stay untouched.

### Settings flow (the easy thing to get wrong)

Almost every feature has the same five-touchpoint shape — miss one and it
silently half-works:

1. `config.rs` — a field/section + its `Default` and the `default_with_dir()` constructor.
2. `download_options.rs` — an `Option<…>` per-channel override (None = defer to global).
3. `downloader.rs` — a resolver that merges global config + per-channel override into yt-dlp/ffmpeg args, plus a `pub` field on `Downloader` holding the global default.
4. **Both** UIs render the global setting *and* the per-channel override: desktop in `app.rs` (egui Settings screen + the channel-options dialog), web in `web_ui/index.html` (Settings modal + channel-options dialog) **and** `web.rs`'s `SettingsPayload` struct (GET reads from config, POST writes config + pushes the value onto the live `Downloader`).
5. Seed the `Downloader` field at construction **and** on settings-save, in **both** `app.rs` and `web.rs`.

Grep an existing setting end-to-end before adding one — `subtitle_defaults`,
`youtube_player_clients`, `sponsorblock_mode`, and `convert_defaults` are
complete worked examples.

### Filesystem layout invariant

`platform::platform_root(channels_root, platform)` = `channels_root.join(dir_name)`.
**All** platforms (including YouTube, whose `dir_name` is `channels`) nest under
the one configured `backup.directory`. `library_root == channels_root` now (a
historical two-level split was removed). `.source-url` sidecars in each creator
folder let channel re-checks recover the exact URL. Library scanning
(`library.rs`) is parallel and consults a `(path, mtime)` SQLite cache to skip
re-parsing unchanged `info.json` sidecars.

### Persistence

`database.rs` wraps an r2d2 SQLite pool (file-backed; `Database` is cheaply
`Clone` — the pool is an `Arc`, so the parallel scanner takes its own handle).
Schema lives in `init_schema()`; new columns are added via idempotent
`ALTER TABLE … ADD COLUMN` that swallows the duplicate-column error (no migration
framework). **Exception:** FTS5 virtual tables have no `ADD COLUMN`, so the
`video_search` index is migrated by dropping + recreating it and clearing
`search_meta` to force a one-time reindex (it's a derived cache — safe to rebuild;
see the `transcript`-column migration). The web UI holds library/notes snapshots
in memory and mutating endpoints mirror DB writes onto those caches +
`bump_library_version()` (the ETag) so `/api/library` stays consistent without a
rescan.

Three `(path|video_id, mtime)`-keyed caches let expensive work happen once and be
skipped on unchanged files: `info_cache` (parsed `info.json` fields),
`search_meta` + the `video_search` FTS5 index (full-text title/channel/
description/**transcript**), and `video_fingerprint` (perceptual dHashes). Each
has a `sync_*`/rebuild helper that diffs the current library against stored mtimes,
processes only the new/changed rows, and prunes vanished ones.

### Web UI is one embedded file

`web_ui/index.html` is the entire SPA (HTML+CSS+JS), `include_str!`-baked into
the binary at compile time — editing it requires a rebuild to take effect. It's
served with `Cache-Control: no-store` so binary upgrades don't strand stale tabs.
Progress streams over `/ws/progress` (WebSocket) with HTTP-poll fallback. The JS
isn't unit-testable, so syntax-check it after edits by extracting the inline
`<script>` and running `node --check` (a syntax error there silently breaks the
whole SPA — a `cargo build` won't catch it since the HTML is just a string).

### Bundled toolchain & anti-bot

`ytdlp_bin.rs` manages an optional self-contained venv at
`~/.local/share/yt-offline/` (nightly `yt-dlp[default]` via `--pre` + `curl_cffi`
for TLS impersonation + bundled `deno`). `pot_provider.rs` runs `bgutil-pot` (a
loopback HTTP server) for YouTube Proof-of-Origin tokens; **its yt-dlp plugin
must come from the same release as the server binary, not PyPI** (version skew
silently produces no tokens — see the module doc). `error_class.rs` pattern-
matches yt-dlp stderr into actionable classes (the captcha "Video unavailable"
wall is classified RateLimited, not NotFound — order matters in `classify()`).

### Search & perceptual dedup

`Database::sync_search_index` feeds the `video_search` FTS5 index from
`library::build_search_entries`; it's refreshed after every scan (construction,
rescan, maintenance-remove) in both UIs and reads each video's description +
first subtitle (via `vtt::parse`) only when the mtime changed. `search_videos`
returns ranked hits with a `snippet(…, -1, …)` excerpt (column -1 = best-matching
column).

`fingerprint.rs` is the content-aware dedup engine: ffmpeg keyframe-seek samples
6 frames/video → 9×8 grayscale → 64-bit dHash; `group_similar` clusters by
Hamming distance but only within a duration-tolerance window (sorted sliding
window + union-find) to stay near-linear. `rebuild_and_group` is the shared
pipeline (mtime-gate → parallel `compute_batch` → upsert → prune → group) both
UIs call. Because that pass is slow, it runs as a **background job**: web keeps a
`DedupState` (atomics for progress + `Mutex` for the result) polled via
`/api/maintenance/dedup/status`; desktop spawns a thread and delivers the result
over an `mpsc` channel. `vtt.rs` is a small shared WebVTT/SRT cue parser used by
both the transcript indexer and the transcript viewers.

## Conventions

- **Never commit** `cookies.txt` (live session creds), `config.toml` (user-
  specific), or `yt-offline.db` (contains the Argon2 password hash). All
  gitignored.
- Redact the absolute cookies path out of any log line surfaced to the UI/API
  (`redact_sensitive` in `downloader.rs`) — it leaks `$HOME`.
- `app.rs` and `web.rs` are large (~3–4k lines) because each owns a full UI; new
  desktop code goes in `app.rs`, web handlers in `web.rs`, shared logic in the
  focused modules (`downloader`, `database`, `library`, `platform`, `fingerprint`,
  `vtt`, …).
- Tray (`ksni`) and the `rfd` xdg-portal dialog backend are Linux-only/no-GTK
  by design (it's why packaging avoids a GTK dep). They're now **target-gated**
  in `Cargo.toml` (`cfg(target_os = "linux")`); off Linux `rfd` uses its native
  backend and `tray::start` is a compiled-out no-op (`None`). The tree
  cross-compiles — `cargo check --target x86_64-pc-windows-gnu` is green — so
  keep new platform-specific code behind `cfg(unix)`/`cfg(windows)`/
  `cfg(target_os = …)` with a fallback, the way `disk_space`, `plex`, the mpv
  IPC, and the `chmod` guards already do. Windows/macOS still aren't *shipped*
  (no tray backend, no link/CI yet), but don't reintroduce an unconditional
  Linux-only dep.